New research has found that participating in improv can promote substantial increases in healthcare students' empathy for one another.
When healthcare workers have higher levels of empathy and compassion it improves the quality of patient care and decreases the likelihood of practitioner burnout.
New research has shown how improv performance can help.
The study, conducted by Edith Cowan University (ECU) and Rocky Vista University and Midwestern University in the USA, involved 165 students studying healthcare professions. The students participated in an improv session and were tasked with several improv activities. Their self-reported empathy scores were assessed at three time points (pre-improv, post-improv, and end of semester).
The findings showed that a single one or two-hour improv session can promote substantial increases in healthcare students' empathy for one another.
Improv boosts listening skills, connection, and shared experience
Improvisational skills are known to be central to the success of actors fostering empathy for one another. This study measured whether improv could benefit healthcare students in a similar way.
The exercises in the study required students to pay attention to the words and actions of their classmates and to participate actively in simple activities, which may make them feel vulnerable and nervous, but doing so in a team and collegial atmosphere, foster support and a sense of teamwork.
Lead author of the study, Dr Brian D Schwartz from Rocky Vista University, said being placed in this situation caused students to focus on their classmates, to evaluate both verbal and non-verbal communication methods, and created an environment where they actively worked together to ensure any measure of success or completion.
"We believe that empathy is developed and deepened in this circumstance through a heightened requirement to truly listen, actively and presently, and forge a connection with classmates and teammates based on a sense of shared experience," he said.
A tool to complement more traditional ways of developing empathy
ECU psychology researcher Dr Shane Rogers said healthcare practitioners used affective empathy, ie. sympathy to sense patients' feelings, and cognitive empathy to understand the kind and quality of patients' experiences.
"Health practitioners should 'feel patients' pain' but not in a way that impairs 'understanding their suffering'," he said.
He recommended the incorporation of regular improv sessions throughout the course of healthcare students’ training.
"Greater healthcare professional empathy and compassion foster better healthcare team cooperation and patient outcomes, so healthcare professionals and their students should engage in empathy-enhancing activities at regular intervals throughout their training and careers," he said.
"Improv is one tool to complement other more direct methods of fostering empathy, such as asking students to write critical reflections from patients' perspectives."
Future research
The authors of the study recommended further research to understand how improv activities can be best incorporated into healthcare provider education, and the best practices for improvisation techniques regarding the content, duration, and frequency of sessions.
The paper 'Substantial Increases in Healthcare Students' State Empathy Scores Owing to Participation in a Single Improvisation Session' was published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.
