Frailty in older age has emerged as a critical public health issue due to increased vulnerability and high risk of adverse health outcomes like falls, hospitalisations, disability and mortality, all associated with aging. Thus, measuring frailty has become crucial for predicting and mitigating adverse outcomes. Traditionally, frailty was mainly understood through a physical model of health, focusing on weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slowness, and weakness.
However, there is increasing acknowledgement of the role of socio-environmental factors in frailty, prompting exploration of its social dimensions. Despite this recognition, there's a scarcity of tools to evaluate social aspects of frailty.
This study aims to fill this gap by using the Delphi method to establish expert consensus and develop a comprehensive SAGE-Social Frailty Index. This scale will enable researchers and clinicians to assess social frailty among the elderly, aiding in the design, evaluation, and implementation of interventions to prevent or amend frailty.