My PhD research aims to understand effective environmental regulatory approaches for developing countries. I use the case study of used lead-acid battery (ULAB) recycling in Nigeria, which features small-scale informal activities with potential contaminating effects.
ULAB recycling is a concern due to the increasing demand for recovered lead in new production, sustaining the current surge in the market compared to Li-ion batteries and others. Globally, ULABs are designated as hazardous material, necessitating the establishment of legislative frameworks at supranational, national, and local levels. However, stringent regulatory approaches intended to reduce pollution in developing countries have led to continued air, land, and water contamination, particularly in rural communities. This suggests that current methods are not effective. While this regulatory approach drives innovation in different contexts, its suitability in developing countries with predominant informal participation remains unclear.
In this regard, my project focus is on identifying what effective regulation means in these contexts, its features and barriers, thus providing insight for good law design for effective and efficient implementation by regulators in this context while reducing contamination incidences and preserving the environment and health of the people.